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Lifestyle modification remains fundamental, and patients should be encouraged to maintain healthy eating patterns, regular physical activity, and adequate hydration (individualised to their clinical situation, particularly for those with heart failure or kidney disease)
Examples of synthetic GLP-1 are Semaglutide (ozempic, wegovy) which last 1 week, Liraglutide (Victoza, Saxenda) which last 24 hours, Tirzepatide (Mounjaro, Zepbound) which last 1 week and also targets GIP, and finally Exenatide (Byetta, Bydurette) which can last hours to a day
The TECOS trial showed no difference between the placebo and a sitagliptin group (Table 2) [47,48,49]