Their action is mainly metabolic and neuroendocrine, potentially reducing hyperglycemia, lipotoxicity, and systemic inflammation, which are key drivers of malformation risk in diabetes
Introduction GLP-1 agonists have long been used in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) and obesity, with decades of clinical data and real world experience demonstrating significant benefits, including reductions in HbA1c levels, body weight, and cardiovascular risk markers
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Since the glucometer used for blood glucose measures had an upper recording measurement limit of 34 mM and measured values in Akita mice were often greater than the measurable limit, a YSI analyzer was used on samples from 8 weeks of uncontrolled diabetes